Women s Experiences During The Holocaust - 898 Words

While women’s experiences during the Holocaust were not entirely different from those of men, it would be false and misleading to assert that they were identical. There were many instances in which an individual’s ordeal was shaped by his or her gender and it is only by understanding what was unique to women and children, and what was unique to men, that we can provide a complete account of what occurred during the Holocaust. One of the reasons it took so long for historians to comprehend the importance of these perspectives is because women were busy rebuilding their lives after the Holocaust. It wasn’t until the 1970s when feminist scholarship was sparked, that there became an interest in the stories of women survivors. Eventually, after the women were able to put their lives back together and raise their children, it became important for them to share their memoirs. One source of gender difference during the Holocaust experience women had more anticipatory reactions towards Nazi danger. In Germany, even before the 1938 Kristallnacht pogrom, it was often the women who had to assume new roles to rescue other family members. It was assumed that the Nazis would not harm women, so it was typically women who went to the police, the SS and the municipality to protest haphazard actions against their children and families and to secure the release of husbands and sons who had been detained or arrested. In organizing and arranging the details of everyday life, such as who shouldShow MoreRelated Women and the Holocaust Essay example706 Words   |  3 PagesWomen and the Holocaust nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Jewish female is like the ovule of a flower, it spreads its seeds to create future generations. It is known that the true root of a Jewish person lies in the hands of his/her mother. As it was once said by Golda Meir, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“To be successful, a woman has to be much better at her job than a man.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Golda Meir Quotes par. 1). And in fact it is true, that women had to be better than man to survive the holocaust, but not only to survive the holocaustRead MoreA Diary Every Day By Anne Frank1681 Words   |  7 PagesSix million innocent, loving, caring Jewish people were ruthlessly murdered during the Holocaust, yet there was little insight into exactly how these people were treated before their deaths. However, one girl, by the name of Anne Frank, wrote in her diary every day, unaware that her diary entries would solve this issue. She was born in the large German town of Frankfurt. Anne was an ordinary child, with dreams for her future, and friends and family who supported and loved her, unaware that she wouldRead MoreCultivating The Gardens : Candide And Night1577 Words   |  7 PagesChris Skowron Professor Dwan Simmons English 2110 November 26th, 2014 Cultivating the gardens: Candide and Night The Holocaust was a genocide in which approximately six million Jews were killed by the Nazi regime under the command of Adolf Hitler. While many did perish during the holocaust, some survived to tell the haunting tales of what they endured. One of which was a young Romanian man named Elie Wiesel, a Jewish-American professor and political activist. (The Elie Wiesel Foundation for Humanity)Read MoreThe Trains Of Treblinka Which Carried The Prized Possessions Of The Most Horrible Events912 Words   |  4 PagesThe holocaust can be regarded as one of the most awful events in history and the swastika continues to be a constant reminder of the horrendous acts of hate that were bestowed onto human lives. More than 1 million people were brutally murdered at the hands of an evil dictator named Adolf Hitler. Some of the vivid events and actions that took place during this time have been highlighted in the poem â€Å"The Trains† written by William Heyen. Heyen discusses the trains of Treblinka which carried the prizedRead More THE HOLOCAUST Essay1711 Words   |  7 PagesTHE HOLOCAUST The Holocaust was the mass annihilation of the European Jews by the National Socialist Party (Nazi) of Germany from 1933 to 1945. In The War of the Jews, Dawidowicz explains the conditions that made anti-Semitism politically acceptable. The Germans of the nineteenth century inherited a Christian-inspired popular and intellectual anti-Semitism that depicted Jews as foreigners- a state within a state- killers of Christ, well poisoners, and a cause of every misfortune, whether naturalRead MoreThe Horrors Of The Holocaust1605 Words   |  7 PagesSpeculations about the grim events during the very horrific Holocaust are unfortunately being denied stating it was not as gruesome as many may have stated it was or did not even exist to begin with. This is not only outrageous but disrespectful to those who lost their lives during the gruesome time. History states that the Holocaust was a period in time where a very fascist dictator, Adolf Hitler, killed over six million European Jews who di d not fit the criteria of genetically having blonde hairRead MoreThe Destruction Of The Holocaust1203 Words   |  5 PagesSix million jews. Six million innocent men, women and children. Emerging from the ashes and corpses, one man had the intention of preserving this tragedy, yet at the same time preventing it. Elie Wiesel’s fulfilled his purpose of showing the heinous crimes of the Holocaust through the change of characterization of Elie before, during and after the events of Wiesel s 1940 memoir-Night. The Holocaust is remembered as a stain on history, where a massive genocide occurred. but we must also recognizeRead MoreSchindler s Morals And The Holocaust955 Words   |  4 Pages 1. Throughout the film, Oskar Schindler s morals changed as the film progressed, he transformed into caring person from an acquisitive person. Schindler is a flawed person. In the beginning of the film, Schindler s sole purpose was to make a profit of the war by hiring Jewish people and using the Jewish people s wealth to create the company. However, as Schindler s relationship with Itzhak Stern progressed and witnessing the violence towards the Jews, he started to reconsider his actions. ForRead MoreElie Wiesel s The Holocaust1315 Words   |  6 PagesThe Holocaust appeared to be a time of darkness and it seemed like on Earth and in heaven, each doorway of humanity, empathy, and kindness had been closed down. Those who did not encounter the Holocaust cannot begin to comprehend what it was like, however, those who did cannot begin to express it. Torture, genocide, and cruel acts started to fill brains and souls. The Holocaust was an event where millions of people were being murdered during World War II. The memoir, Night by Elie Wiesel is basedRead MoreThe Causes And Historical Origins Of The Gulag Archipelago1381 Words   |  6 PagesMost of books especially those written by survivors about the experience of holocaust have mainly two purposes. The first one is to record the full horror of the historical crimes such as holocaust, labor forced camps, and etc. The second one is detailed explanation and description of the causes and historical origins of that experience. The Gulag Archipelago is a three volume non-fictional book written by a famous Russian historian, novelist, story writer, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn between 1958 and

Do Bug Zappers Kill Mosquitoes

Mosquito bites arent just an annoyance; they can be deadly. Mosquitoes transmit serious diseases, from malaria to West Nile virus. If youre planning to spend any time outdoors, you should protect yourself from mosquito bites. Many people hang insect electrocution lights, or bug zappers, in their backyards to kill biting insects. Unfortunately, research shows that most bug zappers do little to eliminate mosquitoes. Worse, they are more likely to eliminate beneficial insects that provide food for birds, bats, and fish. How Bug Zappers Work Bug zappers attract insects using ultraviolet light. The light fixture is surrounded by a mesh cage, which is energized with a low-voltage current. Insects are drawn to the UV light, attempt to pass through the electrified mesh, and are subsequently electrocuted. Most bug zappers are designed with a collection tray where the dead insects accumulate. From dusk until dawn, homeowners with bug zappers hear the satisfying crackle of insects meeting their maker. How Mosquitoes Find Blood When evaluating mosquito control products, its important to understand how mosquitoes locate a source of blood. In other words, think about how the mosquito finds someone to bite. Regardless of whether theyre human, canine, equine, or avian, all living blood sources emit carbon dioxide. Mosquitoes, like most biting insects, can home in on the scent of carbon dioxide in the air. Research suggests a bloodthirsty mosquito can detect carbon dioxide from as far as 35 meters away from its source. At the slightest hint of CO2, the mosquito begins flying in zigzags, using trial and error to pinpoint the person or animal in the area. Carbon dioxide is the most powerful attractant for mosquitoes. Mosquitoes also use other scent clues to find people to bite. Perfume, sweat, and even body odor can attract mosquitoes. Research Proves Bug Zappers Are Ineffective for Killing Mosquitoes Bug zappers attract insects using ultraviolet light. Mosquitoes find their blood meals by following the trail of carbon dioxide. Occasionally, a mosquito will get curious about the pretty light and make the fatal mistake of getting too close. But theres no guarantee that mosquito is even a female, and therefore  a biting mosquito. In fact, many of the mosquitoes found in bug zappers are actually nonbiting insects called midges. In 1977, researchers from the University of Guelph conducted a study to determine how effective bug zapper products are at killing mosquitoes and reducing mosquito populations where they are used. They found that just 4.1% of the insects killed in the bug zappers were female (and therefore biting) mosquitoes. The study also found the yards with bug zappers had higher numbers of female mosquitoes than those without bug zappers. University of Notre Dame researchers conducted a similar study in 1982, with similar results. In an average night, a single bug zapper in South Bend, Indiana, killed 3,212 insects, but only 3.3% of the dead insects were female mosquitoes. In addition, these researchers found that the UV light seemed to draw more mosquitoes to the area, leading to more mosquito bites.   In 1996, researchers at the University of Delaware tallied an entire summers worth of dead bugs from bug zappers. Of a total of 13,789 insects killed in the bug zappers, a paltry 0.22%  of them were biting mosquitoes or gnats. Worse, almost half of the dead insects were harmless, aquatic insects, an important food for fish and other stream inhabitants. These insects help control pest insect populations, meaning bug zappers could actually make pest problems worse. Scientists at the UF/IFAS Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory in Vero Beach, Florida, also examined the effectiveness of bug zappers in 1997. A single bug zapper in their study killed 10,000 insects in one night, but just eight of the dead bugs were mosquitoes. New Octenol Bug Zappers In recent years, a new type of zapper has appeared on the market that uses carbon dioxide and octenol—a nontoxic, pesticide-free pheromone—to attract mosquitoes. Logically, this new type of zapper should attract and kill more mosquitoes, leaving your yard pest-free. Unfortunately, studies show that octenol does little to increase the number of mosquitoes killed per night. Instead, it attracts even more mosquitoes to your yard, while killing about the same number of pests as a strip of sticky tape. Study after study has proven that bug zappers do very little or nothing at all to put a dent in the biting mosquito population. On the other hand, limiting mosquito breeding habitat and using appropriate mosquito deterrents like DEET does protect you from mosquito bites, and from the diseases mosquitoes carry. Sources Surgeoner, G. A., and B. V. Helson. 1977. A field evaluation of electrocutors for mosquito control in southern Ontario. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Ontario 108:53–58.Nasci, RS, CW. Harris and CK Porter. 1983. Failure of an insect electrocuting device to reduce mosquito biting. Mosquito News. 43:180–184.Frick, TB and DW Tallamy. 1996. Density and diversity of nontarget insects killed by suburban electric insect traps. Ent. News. 107:77-82.University Of Florida, Institute Of Food Agricultural Sciences, 1997. Snap! Crackle! Pop! Electric Bug Zappers Are Useless For Controlling Mosquitoes, Says UF/IFAS Pest Expert Accessed September 4, 2012.

Do Bug Zappers Kill Mosquitoes

Mosquito bites arent just an annoyance; they can be deadly. Mosquitoes transmit serious diseases, from malaria to West Nile virus. If youre planning to spend any time outdoors, you should protect yourself from mosquito bites. Many people hang insect electrocution lights, or bug zappers, in their backyards to kill biting insects. Unfortunately, research shows that most bug zappers do little to eliminate mosquitoes. Worse, they are more likely to eliminate beneficial insects that provide food for birds, bats, and fish. How Bug Zappers Work Bug zappers attract insects using ultraviolet light. The light fixture is surrounded by a mesh cage, which is energized with a low-voltage current. Insects are drawn to the UV light, attempt to pass through the electrified mesh, and are subsequently electrocuted. Most bug zappers are designed with a collection tray where the dead insects accumulate. From dusk until dawn, homeowners with bug zappers hear the satisfying crackle of insects meeting their maker. How Mosquitoes Find Blood When evaluating mosquito control products, its important to understand how mosquitoes locate a source of blood. In other words, think about how the mosquito finds someone to bite. Regardless of whether theyre human, canine, equine, or avian, all living blood sources emit carbon dioxide. Mosquitoes, like most biting insects, can home in on the scent of carbon dioxide in the air. Research suggests a bloodthirsty mosquito can detect carbon dioxide from as far as 35 meters away from its source. At the slightest hint of CO2, the mosquito begins flying in zigzags, using trial and error to pinpoint the person or animal in the area. Carbon dioxide is the most powerful attractant for mosquitoes. Mosquitoes also use other scent clues to find people to bite. Perfume, sweat, and even body odor can attract mosquitoes. Research Proves Bug Zappers Are Ineffective for Killing Mosquitoes Bug zappers attract insects using ultraviolet light. Mosquitoes find their blood meals by following the trail of carbon dioxide. Occasionally, a mosquito will get curious about the pretty light and make the fatal mistake of getting too close. But theres no guarantee that mosquito is even a female, and therefore  a biting mosquito. In fact, many of the mosquitoes found in bug zappers are actually nonbiting insects called midges. In 1977, researchers from the University of Guelph conducted a study to determine how effective bug zapper products are at killing mosquitoes and reducing mosquito populations where they are used. They found that just 4.1% of the insects killed in the bug zappers were female (and therefore biting) mosquitoes. The study also found the yards with bug zappers had higher numbers of female mosquitoes than those without bug zappers. University of Notre Dame researchers conducted a similar study in 1982, with similar results. In an average night, a single bug zapper in South Bend, Indiana, killed 3,212 insects, but only 3.3% of the dead insects were female mosquitoes. In addition, these researchers found that the UV light seemed to draw more mosquitoes to the area, leading to more mosquito bites.   In 1996, researchers at the University of Delaware tallied an entire summers worth of dead bugs from bug zappers. Of a total of 13,789 insects killed in the bug zappers, a paltry 0.22%  of them were biting mosquitoes or gnats. Worse, almost half of the dead insects were harmless, aquatic insects, an important food for fish and other stream inhabitants. These insects help control pest insect populations, meaning bug zappers could actually make pest problems worse. Scientists at the UF/IFAS Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory in Vero Beach, Florida, also examined the effectiveness of bug zappers in 1997. A single bug zapper in their study killed 10,000 insects in one night, but just eight of the dead bugs were mosquitoes. New Octenol Bug Zappers In recent years, a new type of zapper has appeared on the market that uses carbon dioxide and octenol—a nontoxic, pesticide-free pheromone—to attract mosquitoes. Logically, this new type of zapper should attract and kill more mosquitoes, leaving your yard pest-free. Unfortunately, studies show that octenol does little to increase the number of mosquitoes killed per night. Instead, it attracts even more mosquitoes to your yard, while killing about the same number of pests as a strip of sticky tape. Study after study has proven that bug zappers do very little or nothing at all to put a dent in the biting mosquito population. On the other hand, limiting mosquito breeding habitat and using appropriate mosquito deterrents like DEET does protect you from mosquito bites, and from the diseases mosquitoes carry. Sources Surgeoner, G. A., and B. V. Helson. 1977. A field evaluation of electrocutors for mosquito control in southern Ontario. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Ontario 108:53–58.Nasci, RS, CW. Harris and CK Porter. 1983. Failure of an insect electrocuting device to reduce mosquito biting. Mosquito News. 43:180–184.Frick, TB and DW Tallamy. 1996. Density and diversity of nontarget insects killed by suburban electric insect traps. Ent. News. 107:77-82.University Of Florida, Institute Of Food Agricultural Sciences, 1997. Snap! Crackle! Pop! Electric Bug Zappers Are Useless For Controlling Mosquitoes, Says UF/IFAS Pest Expert Accessed September 4, 2012.

Do Bug Zappers Kill Mosquitoes

Mosquito bites arent just an annoyance; they can be deadly. Mosquitoes transmit serious diseases, from malaria to West Nile virus. If youre planning to spend any time outdoors, you should protect yourself from mosquito bites. Many people hang insect electrocution lights, or bug zappers, in their backyards to kill biting insects. Unfortunately, research shows that most bug zappers do little to eliminate mosquitoes. Worse, they are more likely to eliminate beneficial insects that provide food for birds, bats, and fish. How Bug Zappers Work Bug zappers attract insects using ultraviolet light. The light fixture is surrounded by a mesh cage, which is energized with a low-voltage current. Insects are drawn to the UV light, attempt to pass through the electrified mesh, and are subsequently electrocuted. Most bug zappers are designed with a collection tray where the dead insects accumulate. From dusk until dawn, homeowners with bug zappers hear the satisfying crackle of insects meeting their maker. How Mosquitoes Find Blood When evaluating mosquito control products, its important to understand how mosquitoes locate a source of blood. In other words, think about how the mosquito finds someone to bite. Regardless of whether theyre human, canine, equine, or avian, all living blood sources emit carbon dioxide. Mosquitoes, like most biting insects, can home in on the scent of carbon dioxide in the air. Research suggests a bloodthirsty mosquito can detect carbon dioxide from as far as 35 meters away from its source. At the slightest hint of CO2, the mosquito begins flying in zigzags, using trial and error to pinpoint the person or animal in the area. Carbon dioxide is the most powerful attractant for mosquitoes. Mosquitoes also use other scent clues to find people to bite. Perfume, sweat, and even body odor can attract mosquitoes. Research Proves Bug Zappers Are Ineffective for Killing Mosquitoes Bug zappers attract insects using ultraviolet light. Mosquitoes find their blood meals by following the trail of carbon dioxide. Occasionally, a mosquito will get curious about the pretty light and make the fatal mistake of getting too close. But theres no guarantee that mosquito is even a female, and therefore  a biting mosquito. In fact, many of the mosquitoes found in bug zappers are actually nonbiting insects called midges. In 1977, researchers from the University of Guelph conducted a study to determine how effective bug zapper products are at killing mosquitoes and reducing mosquito populations where they are used. They found that just 4.1% of the insects killed in the bug zappers were female (and therefore biting) mosquitoes. The study also found the yards with bug zappers had higher numbers of female mosquitoes than those without bug zappers. University of Notre Dame researchers conducted a similar study in 1982, with similar results. In an average night, a single bug zapper in South Bend, Indiana, killed 3,212 insects, but only 3.3% of the dead insects were female mosquitoes. In addition, these researchers found that the UV light seemed to draw more mosquitoes to the area, leading to more mosquito bites.   In 1996, researchers at the University of Delaware tallied an entire summers worth of dead bugs from bug zappers. Of a total of 13,789 insects killed in the bug zappers, a paltry 0.22%  of them were biting mosquitoes or gnats. Worse, almost half of the dead insects were harmless, aquatic insects, an important food for fish and other stream inhabitants. These insects help control pest insect populations, meaning bug zappers could actually make pest problems worse. Scientists at the UF/IFAS Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory in Vero Beach, Florida, also examined the effectiveness of bug zappers in 1997. A single bug zapper in their study killed 10,000 insects in one night, but just eight of the dead bugs were mosquitoes. New Octenol Bug Zappers In recent years, a new type of zapper has appeared on the market that uses carbon dioxide and octenol—a nontoxic, pesticide-free pheromone—to attract mosquitoes. Logically, this new type of zapper should attract and kill more mosquitoes, leaving your yard pest-free. Unfortunately, studies show that octenol does little to increase the number of mosquitoes killed per night. Instead, it attracts even more mosquitoes to your yard, while killing about the same number of pests as a strip of sticky tape. Study after study has proven that bug zappers do very little or nothing at all to put a dent in the biting mosquito population. On the other hand, limiting mosquito breeding habitat and using appropriate mosquito deterrents like DEET does protect you from mosquito bites, and from the diseases mosquitoes carry. Sources Surgeoner, G. A., and B. V. Helson. 1977. A field evaluation of electrocutors for mosquito control in southern Ontario. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Ontario 108:53–58.Nasci, RS, CW. Harris and CK Porter. 1983. Failure of an insect electrocuting device to reduce mosquito biting. Mosquito News. 43:180–184.Frick, TB and DW Tallamy. 1996. Density and diversity of nontarget insects killed by suburban electric insect traps. Ent. News. 107:77-82.University Of Florida, Institute Of Food Agricultural Sciences, 1997. Snap! Crackle! Pop! Electric Bug Zappers Are Useless For Controlling Mosquitoes, Says UF/IFAS Pest Expert Accessed September 4, 2012.

Do Bug Zappers Kill Mosquitoes

Mosquito bites arent just an annoyance; they can be deadly. Mosquitoes transmit serious diseases, from malaria to West Nile virus. If youre planning to spend any time outdoors, you should protect yourself from mosquito bites. Many people hang insect electrocution lights, or bug zappers, in their backyards to kill biting insects. Unfortunately, research shows that most bug zappers do little to eliminate mosquitoes. Worse, they are more likely to eliminate beneficial insects that provide food for birds, bats, and fish. How Bug Zappers Work Bug zappers attract insects using ultraviolet light. The light fixture is surrounded by a mesh cage, which is energized with a low-voltage current. Insects are drawn to the UV light, attempt to pass through the electrified mesh, and are subsequently electrocuted. Most bug zappers are designed with a collection tray where the dead insects accumulate. From dusk until dawn, homeowners with bug zappers hear the satisfying crackle of insects meeting their maker. How Mosquitoes Find Blood When evaluating mosquito control products, its important to understand how mosquitoes locate a source of blood. In other words, think about how the mosquito finds someone to bite. Regardless of whether theyre human, canine, equine, or avian, all living blood sources emit carbon dioxide. Mosquitoes, like most biting insects, can home in on the scent of carbon dioxide in the air. Research suggests a bloodthirsty mosquito can detect carbon dioxide from as far as 35 meters away from its source. At the slightest hint of CO2, the mosquito begins flying in zigzags, using trial and error to pinpoint the person or animal in the area. Carbon dioxide is the most powerful attractant for mosquitoes. Mosquitoes also use other scent clues to find people to bite. Perfume, sweat, and even body odor can attract mosquitoes. Research Proves Bug Zappers Are Ineffective for Killing Mosquitoes Bug zappers attract insects using ultraviolet light. Mosquitoes find their blood meals by following the trail of carbon dioxide. Occasionally, a mosquito will get curious about the pretty light and make the fatal mistake of getting too close. But theres no guarantee that mosquito is even a female, and therefore  a biting mosquito. In fact, many of the mosquitoes found in bug zappers are actually nonbiting insects called midges. In 1977, researchers from the University of Guelph conducted a study to determine how effective bug zapper products are at killing mosquitoes and reducing mosquito populations where they are used. They found that just 4.1% of the insects killed in the bug zappers were female (and therefore biting) mosquitoes. The study also found the yards with bug zappers had higher numbers of female mosquitoes than those without bug zappers. University of Notre Dame researchers conducted a similar study in 1982, with similar results. In an average night, a single bug zapper in South Bend, Indiana, killed 3,212 insects, but only 3.3% of the dead insects were female mosquitoes. In addition, these researchers found that the UV light seemed to draw more mosquitoes to the area, leading to more mosquito bites.   In 1996, researchers at the University of Delaware tallied an entire summers worth of dead bugs from bug zappers. Of a total of 13,789 insects killed in the bug zappers, a paltry 0.22%  of them were biting mosquitoes or gnats. Worse, almost half of the dead insects were harmless, aquatic insects, an important food for fish and other stream inhabitants. These insects help control pest insect populations, meaning bug zappers could actually make pest problems worse. Scientists at the UF/IFAS Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory in Vero Beach, Florida, also examined the effectiveness of bug zappers in 1997. A single bug zapper in their study killed 10,000 insects in one night, but just eight of the dead bugs were mosquitoes. New Octenol Bug Zappers In recent years, a new type of zapper has appeared on the market that uses carbon dioxide and octenol—a nontoxic, pesticide-free pheromone—to attract mosquitoes. Logically, this new type of zapper should attract and kill more mosquitoes, leaving your yard pest-free. Unfortunately, studies show that octenol does little to increase the number of mosquitoes killed per night. Instead, it attracts even more mosquitoes to your yard, while killing about the same number of pests as a strip of sticky tape. Study after study has proven that bug zappers do very little or nothing at all to put a dent in the biting mosquito population. On the other hand, limiting mosquito breeding habitat and using appropriate mosquito deterrents like DEET does protect you from mosquito bites, and from the diseases mosquitoes carry. Sources Surgeoner, G. A., and B. V. Helson. 1977. A field evaluation of electrocutors for mosquito control in southern Ontario. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Ontario 108:53–58.Nasci, RS, CW. Harris and CK Porter. 1983. Failure of an insect electrocuting device to reduce mosquito biting. Mosquito News. 43:180–184.Frick, TB and DW Tallamy. 1996. Density and diversity of nontarget insects killed by suburban electric insect traps. Ent. News. 107:77-82.University Of Florida, Institute Of Food Agricultural Sciences, 1997. Snap! Crackle! Pop! Electric Bug Zappers Are Useless For Controlling Mosquitoes, Says UF/IFAS Pest Expert Accessed September 4, 2012.

Do Bug Zappers Kill Mosquitoes

Mosquito bites arent just an annoyance; they can be deadly. Mosquitoes transmit serious diseases, from malaria to West Nile virus. If youre planning to spend any time outdoors, you should protect yourself from mosquito bites. Many people hang insect electrocution lights, or bug zappers, in their backyards to kill biting insects. Unfortunately, research shows that most bug zappers do little to eliminate mosquitoes. Worse, they are more likely to eliminate beneficial insects that provide food for birds, bats, and fish. How Bug Zappers Work Bug zappers attract insects using ultraviolet light. The light fixture is surrounded by a mesh cage, which is energized with a low-voltage current. Insects are drawn to the UV light, attempt to pass through the electrified mesh, and are subsequently electrocuted. Most bug zappers are designed with a collection tray where the dead insects accumulate. From dusk until dawn, homeowners with bug zappers hear the satisfying crackle of insects meeting their maker. How Mosquitoes Find Blood When evaluating mosquito control products, its important to understand how mosquitoes locate a source of blood. In other words, think about how the mosquito finds someone to bite. Regardless of whether theyre human, canine, equine, or avian, all living blood sources emit carbon dioxide. Mosquitoes, like most biting insects, can home in on the scent of carbon dioxide in the air. Research suggests a bloodthirsty mosquito can detect carbon dioxide from as far as 35 meters away from its source. At the slightest hint of CO2, the mosquito begins flying in zigzags, using trial and error to pinpoint the person or animal in the area. Carbon dioxide is the most powerful attractant for mosquitoes. Mosquitoes also use other scent clues to find people to bite. Perfume, sweat, and even body odor can attract mosquitoes. Research Proves Bug Zappers Are Ineffective for Killing Mosquitoes Bug zappers attract insects using ultraviolet light. Mosquitoes find their blood meals by following the trail of carbon dioxide. Occasionally, a mosquito will get curious about the pretty light and make the fatal mistake of getting too close. But theres no guarantee that mosquito is even a female, and therefore  a biting mosquito. In fact, many of the mosquitoes found in bug zappers are actually nonbiting insects called midges. In 1977, researchers from the University of Guelph conducted a study to determine how effective bug zapper products are at killing mosquitoes and reducing mosquito populations where they are used. They found that just 4.1% of the insects killed in the bug zappers were female (and therefore biting) mosquitoes. The study also found the yards with bug zappers had higher numbers of female mosquitoes than those without bug zappers. University of Notre Dame researchers conducted a similar study in 1982, with similar results. In an average night, a single bug zapper in South Bend, Indiana, killed 3,212 insects, but only 3.3% of the dead insects were female mosquitoes. In addition, these researchers found that the UV light seemed to draw more mosquitoes to the area, leading to more mosquito bites.   In 1996, researchers at the University of Delaware tallied an entire summers worth of dead bugs from bug zappers. Of a total of 13,789 insects killed in the bug zappers, a paltry 0.22%  of them were biting mosquitoes or gnats. Worse, almost half of the dead insects were harmless, aquatic insects, an important food for fish and other stream inhabitants. These insects help control pest insect populations, meaning bug zappers could actually make pest problems worse. Scientists at the UF/IFAS Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory in Vero Beach, Florida, also examined the effectiveness of bug zappers in 1997. A single bug zapper in their study killed 10,000 insects in one night, but just eight of the dead bugs were mosquitoes. New Octenol Bug Zappers In recent years, a new type of zapper has appeared on the market that uses carbon dioxide and octenol—a nontoxic, pesticide-free pheromone—to attract mosquitoes. Logically, this new type of zapper should attract and kill more mosquitoes, leaving your yard pest-free. Unfortunately, studies show that octenol does little to increase the number of mosquitoes killed per night. Instead, it attracts even more mosquitoes to your yard, while killing about the same number of pests as a strip of sticky tape. Study after study has proven that bug zappers do very little or nothing at all to put a dent in the biting mosquito population. On the other hand, limiting mosquito breeding habitat and using appropriate mosquito deterrents like DEET does protect you from mosquito bites, and from the diseases mosquitoes carry. Sources Surgeoner, G. A., and B. V. Helson. 1977. A field evaluation of electrocutors for mosquito control in southern Ontario. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Ontario 108:53–58.Nasci, RS, CW. Harris and CK Porter. 1983. Failure of an insect electrocuting device to reduce mosquito biting. Mosquito News. 43:180–184.Frick, TB and DW Tallamy. 1996. Density and diversity of nontarget insects killed by suburban electric insect traps. Ent. News. 107:77-82.University Of Florida, Institute Of Food Agricultural Sciences, 1997. Snap! Crackle! Pop! Electric Bug Zappers Are Useless For Controlling Mosquitoes, Says UF/IFAS Pest Expert Accessed September 4, 2012.

Do Bug Zappers Kill Mosquitoes

Mosquito bites arent just an annoyance; they can be deadly. Mosquitoes transmit serious diseases, from malaria to West Nile virus. If youre planning to spend any time outdoors, you should protect yourself from mosquito bites. Many people hang insect electrocution lights, or bug zappers, in their backyards to kill biting insects. Unfortunately, research shows that most bug zappers do little to eliminate mosquitoes. Worse, they are more likely to eliminate beneficial insects that provide food for birds, bats, and fish. How Bug Zappers Work Bug zappers attract insects using ultraviolet light. The light fixture is surrounded by a mesh cage, which is energized with a low-voltage current. Insects are drawn to the UV light, attempt to pass through the electrified mesh, and are subsequently electrocuted. Most bug zappers are designed with a collection tray where the dead insects accumulate. From dusk until dawn, homeowners with bug zappers hear the satisfying crackle of insects meeting their maker. How Mosquitoes Find Blood When evaluating mosquito control products, its important to understand how mosquitoes locate a source of blood. In other words, think about how the mosquito finds someone to bite. Regardless of whether theyre human, canine, equine, or avian, all living blood sources emit carbon dioxide. Mosquitoes, like most biting insects, can home in on the scent of carbon dioxide in the air. Research suggests a bloodthirsty mosquito can detect carbon dioxide from as far as 35 meters away from its source. At the slightest hint of CO2, the mosquito begins flying in zigzags, using trial and error to pinpoint the person or animal in the area. Carbon dioxide is the most powerful attractant for mosquitoes. Mosquitoes also use other scent clues to find people to bite. Perfume, sweat, and even body odor can attract mosquitoes. Research Proves Bug Zappers Are Ineffective for Killing Mosquitoes Bug zappers attract insects using ultraviolet light. Mosquitoes find their blood meals by following the trail of carbon dioxide. Occasionally, a mosquito will get curious about the pretty light and make the fatal mistake of getting too close. But theres no guarantee that mosquito is even a female, and therefore  a biting mosquito. In fact, many of the mosquitoes found in bug zappers are actually nonbiting insects called midges. In 1977, researchers from the University of Guelph conducted a study to determine how effective bug zapper products are at killing mosquitoes and reducing mosquito populations where they are used. They found that just 4.1% of the insects killed in the bug zappers were female (and therefore biting) mosquitoes. The study also found the yards with bug zappers had higher numbers of female mosquitoes than those without bug zappers. University of Notre Dame researchers conducted a similar study in 1982, with similar results. In an average night, a single bug zapper in South Bend, Indiana, killed 3,212 insects, but only 3.3% of the dead insects were female mosquitoes. In addition, these researchers found that the UV light seemed to draw more mosquitoes to the area, leading to more mosquito bites.   In 1996, researchers at the University of Delaware tallied an entire summers worth of dead bugs from bug zappers. Of a total of 13,789 insects killed in the bug zappers, a paltry 0.22%  of them were biting mosquitoes or gnats. Worse, almost half of the dead insects were harmless, aquatic insects, an important food for fish and other stream inhabitants. These insects help control pest insect populations, meaning bug zappers could actually make pest problems worse. Scientists at the UF/IFAS Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory in Vero Beach, Florida, also examined the effectiveness of bug zappers in 1997. A single bug zapper in their study killed 10,000 insects in one night, but just eight of the dead bugs were mosquitoes. New Octenol Bug Zappers In recent years, a new type of zapper has appeared on the market that uses carbon dioxide and octenol—a nontoxic, pesticide-free pheromone—to attract mosquitoes. Logically, this new type of zapper should attract and kill more mosquitoes, leaving your yard pest-free. Unfortunately, studies show that octenol does little to increase the number of mosquitoes killed per night. Instead, it attracts even more mosquitoes to your yard, while killing about the same number of pests as a strip of sticky tape. Study after study has proven that bug zappers do very little or nothing at all to put a dent in the biting mosquito population. On the other hand, limiting mosquito breeding habitat and using appropriate mosquito deterrents like DEET does protect you from mosquito bites, and from the diseases mosquitoes carry. Sources Surgeoner, G. A., and B. V. Helson. 1977. A field evaluation of electrocutors for mosquito control in southern Ontario. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Ontario 108:53–58.Nasci, RS, CW. Harris and CK Porter. 1983. Failure of an insect electrocuting device to reduce mosquito biting. Mosquito News. 43:180–184.Frick, TB and DW Tallamy. 1996. Density and diversity of nontarget insects killed by suburban electric insect traps. Ent. News. 107:77-82.University Of Florida, Institute Of Food Agricultural Sciences, 1997. Snap! Crackle! Pop! Electric Bug Zappers Are Useless For Controlling Mosquitoes, Says UF/IFAS Pest Expert Accessed September 4, 2012.

Do Bug Zappers Kill Mosquitoes

Mosquito bites arent just an annoyance; they can be deadly. Mosquitoes transmit serious diseases, from malaria to West Nile virus. If youre planning to spend any time outdoors, you should protect yourself from mosquito bites. Many people hang insect electrocution lights, or bug zappers, in their backyards to kill biting insects. Unfortunately, research shows that most bug zappers do little to eliminate mosquitoes. Worse, they are more likely to eliminate beneficial insects that provide food for birds, bats, and fish. How Bug Zappers Work Bug zappers attract insects using ultraviolet light. The light fixture is surrounded by a mesh cage, which is energized with a low-voltage current. Insects are drawn to the UV light, attempt to pass through the electrified mesh, and are subsequently electrocuted. Most bug zappers are designed with a collection tray where the dead insects accumulate. From dusk until dawn, homeowners with bug zappers hear the satisfying crackle of insects meeting their maker. How Mosquitoes Find Blood When evaluating mosquito control products, its important to understand how mosquitoes locate a source of blood. In other words, think about how the mosquito finds someone to bite. Regardless of whether theyre human, canine, equine, or avian, all living blood sources emit carbon dioxide. Mosquitoes, like most biting insects, can home in on the scent of carbon dioxide in the air. Research suggests a bloodthirsty mosquito can detect carbon dioxide from as far as 35 meters away from its source. At the slightest hint of CO2, the mosquito begins flying in zigzags, using trial and error to pinpoint the person or animal in the area. Carbon dioxide is the most powerful attractant for mosquitoes. Mosquitoes also use other scent clues to find people to bite. Perfume, sweat, and even body odor can attract mosquitoes. Research Proves Bug Zappers Are Ineffective for Killing Mosquitoes Bug zappers attract insects using ultraviolet light. Mosquitoes find their blood meals by following the trail of carbon dioxide. Occasionally, a mosquito will get curious about the pretty light and make the fatal mistake of getting too close. But theres no guarantee that mosquito is even a female, and therefore  a biting mosquito. In fact, many of the mosquitoes found in bug zappers are actually nonbiting insects called midges. In 1977, researchers from the University of Guelph conducted a study to determine how effective bug zapper products are at killing mosquitoes and reducing mosquito populations where they are used. They found that just 4.1% of the insects killed in the bug zappers were female (and therefore biting) mosquitoes. The study also found the yards with bug zappers had higher numbers of female mosquitoes than those without bug zappers. University of Notre Dame researchers conducted a similar study in 1982, with similar results. In an average night, a single bug zapper in South Bend, Indiana, killed 3,212 insects, but only 3.3% of the dead insects were female mosquitoes. In addition, these researchers found that the UV light seemed to draw more mosquitoes to the area, leading to more mosquito bites.   In 1996, researchers at the University of Delaware tallied an entire summers worth of dead bugs from bug zappers. Of a total of 13,789 insects killed in the bug zappers, a paltry 0.22%  of them were biting mosquitoes or gnats. Worse, almost half of the dead insects were harmless, aquatic insects, an important food for fish and other stream inhabitants. These insects help control pest insect populations, meaning bug zappers could actually make pest problems worse. Scientists at the UF/IFAS Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory in Vero Beach, Florida, also examined the effectiveness of bug zappers in 1997. A single bug zapper in their study killed 10,000 insects in one night, but just eight of the dead bugs were mosquitoes. New Octenol Bug Zappers In recent years, a new type of zapper has appeared on the market that uses carbon dioxide and octenol—a nontoxic, pesticide-free pheromone—to attract mosquitoes. Logically, this new type of zapper should attract and kill more mosquitoes, leaving your yard pest-free. Unfortunately, studies show that octenol does little to increase the number of mosquitoes killed per night. Instead, it attracts even more mosquitoes to your yard, while killing about the same number of pests as a strip of sticky tape. Study after study has proven that bug zappers do very little or nothing at all to put a dent in the biting mosquito population. On the other hand, limiting mosquito breeding habitat and using appropriate mosquito deterrents like DEET does protect you from mosquito bites, and from the diseases mosquitoes carry. Sources Surgeoner, G. A., and B. V. Helson. 1977. A field evaluation of electrocutors for mosquito control in southern Ontario. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Ontario 108:53–58.Nasci, RS, CW. Harris and CK Porter. 1983. Failure of an insect electrocuting device to reduce mosquito biting. Mosquito News. 43:180–184.Frick, TB and DW Tallamy. 1996. Density and diversity of nontarget insects killed by suburban electric insect traps. Ent. News. 107:77-82.University Of Florida, Institute Of Food Agricultural Sciences, 1997. Snap! Crackle! Pop! Electric Bug Zappers Are Useless For Controlling Mosquitoes, Says UF/IFAS Pest Expert Accessed September 4, 2012.

The Roles Of Women In Parlement Of Foules By Geoffrey Chaucer

Today, women are treated with a respect and love that past generations would have dreamed about. Simple privileges like being allowed to have a job and get an education are taken so for granted, because fortunately it is all this generation has known. Women have always been strong capable beings that are fit to do a job that is typically given to a man, and probably with more efficiency. Figuratively in the poem Parlement of Foules by Geoffrey Chaucer and quite literally in the Speech to the Troops at Tilbury by Queen Elizabeth, women hold a powerful role in the writing and/or execution of these works through leadership roles and also through sexuality. Women are wonderful creatures and are capable of incredible things, yet the fact that a†¦show more content†¦In this poem, the way Chaucer writes about relationships and specifically a woman’s role in the relationship is a mindset and a step in women’s rights that did not become popular and accepted for hundreds of years later. In Speech to the Troops at Tilbury, the queen’s words are oozing with power and authority. The queen begins her speech addressing the crowd as â€Å"My loving people† (Queen Elizabeth). This immediately establishes her power and authority before even beginning to deliver her speech. Her place on the throne was her birthright, yet, because she is a woman, she is doubted of her abilities to rule a kingdom. Through giving this speech, Queen Elizabeth aims to prove that she intends to do all in her power to work with the troops and protect their land. Through her mighty words, she claims her kingdom and she claims the respect that she rightfully deserves. She plays on the assumption that women are weak and powerless, â€Å"I know I have the body but of a weak and feeble woman; but I have the heart and stomach of a king† (Queen Elizabeth). During the renaissance era, the average woman did not have essentially any power, much like the medieval era. This is a woman†™s place in the renaissance period as told by the writer Suzanne Hull: â€Å"When England was ruled for half a century by Queens but women had almost no legal power; When marriage, a women’s main vocation, cost them their personal property rights; when the ideal women wasShow MoreRelatedWho Was Geoffrey Chaucer?888 Words   |  4 PagesWho was Geoffrey Chaucer? One of the most unique poets of during the Middle Ages was Geoffrey Chaucer. He was born in London sometime between 1340 and 1344. His parents were John Chaucer and Agnes Copton. John Chaucer was an affluent wine merchant and deputy to the king’s butler. Geoffrey held several opportunities early in his life serving as a noblewoman’s page, a courtier, a diplomat, a civil servant, and a collector of scrap metal. He was given theses oppurtunities because of who his father was

The Fao ( Food And Agriculture Organization Of The United...

The FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) carries one main effort, which is to achieve food security for everyone around the world. Their goals include the elimination of hunger, food insecurity, malnutrition, and poverty. Not only do they want to focus on food and agriculture, but they also want to drive forward the economic and social progress for all. In essence, they strive to create sustainability and resilience. Sustainability is a development that meets the needs of the present but does not take away the capability of meeting the needs of future generations. Resilience is the ability of people, many in communities that are confronted by disasters, to withstand damage and undergo rapid recovery. The FAO seeks to create sustainability and resilience to improve our world for the present times, which will positively affect the future times. The FAO has been helping people since it was founded in 1945. Today, the FAO still help people, like the ones in Haiti that were just devastated by Hurricane Matthew. 800,000 people faced a lack of food security, and the FAO took actions immediately along with other food and health organizations. This instance is a perfect example that food security is an international problem. Not only do people face it in poor countries like Haiti, but even the United States faces food insecurity. In 2014, and estimated 14% of household owners faced food insecurity. Recently, on September 7, 2016, the USDAShow MoreRelatedLivestock Disease and African Food Security Essay1043 Words   |  5 PagesDisease and African Food Security A serious problem in Africa today is the emergence of rampant, deadly strains of disease that are affecting livestock and ravaging populations of pigs and cattle in many African nations, putting food security at risk in many populations of various nations. 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Organic farming is a way to combat these detrimental environmental effects, by avoiding chemical fertilizers and herbicidesRead MoreThe Overlooked Area Of Poverty Essay1292 Words   |  6 Pages30 percent of the developing countries by 2015 (United Nations, 2005). Even though these targets have been almost achieved; it was predicted that there are about 825 million of citizen still live in extreme poverty and 800 million still suffer from inadequate hunger (FAO, 2015). Thus, fighting against poverty and hunger remains the enormous challenge. Then, an inevitable question arises as to whether the persistence of poverty was well-defined. FAO (2015) also have noticed that extreme poverty mainlyRead MoreHuman Geography : Increasing Population And Agriculture1123 Words   |  5 PagesPopulation Agriculture Increasing human population and industrial agriculture go hand and hand. 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Transboundary animal diseases, defined as â€Å"those that are of significant economic, trade and/or food security importance for a considerable number of countries; which can easily spread to other countries and reach epidemic proportions; and where control/management, in cluding exclusion, requires cooperation between several countries,† can be difficultRead MoreOrganic Farming is a Sustainable System of Agriculture1793 Words   |  7 Pagessystem of agriculture because it builds a toxin free biologically diverse ecosystem, controls soil erosion, and enhances the quality of air and water by reducing the hazardous chemicals. Annotation: Source-1: Food and Agriculture Organizations of the United Nations (n.d.). Environmental benefits of organic agriculture. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/organicag/oa-faq/oa-faq6/en/ This source is the information provided by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UnitedRead MoreFinal Project: Overview of FAOs Strategic Planning Essay6158 Words   |  25 Pagesï » ¿ Final Project: Overview of FAO Strategic Planning William D. Towah Walden University The Final Project: Strategic Plan Abstract Strategic planning is a fundamental framework that engenders growth of every organization; it provides the procedures necessary that would enable an organization to achieve its mandate, mission and vision of success, and thereby providing public value. This final project identifies and analysis the characteristics of strategic planning and implementation processes

Hrm 590 Course Project Part a Free Essays

Human Resource Receptionist Job Summary: The HR Receptionist will be responsible for Greets the public; provides general administrative support including answering phones, typing, scheduling appointments; complaint handling/tracking; employee applications. Providing assistance and directions to the organizations, on where to go to address their HR questions. Essential Job Functions: Excellent phone etiquette with at least one year experience operating a telephone switchboard to answer, screen and forward calls, providing information, taking messages and scheduling appointments. We will write a custom essay sample on Hrm 590 Course Project Part a or any similar topic only for you Order Now Greet and Welcome employees and visitors to demonstrate good customer service Maintain personnel files in alphabetical order to maintain file organization. Excellent writing skills in order to prepare letters and related documents using Microsoft Word as well as (Excel, PowerPoint and Access) to communicate with employees and stakeholders of the organization. Assist Public and employees with personnel questions using the company policy and procedure to ensure the correct information is given. Sort and distribute incoming mails and faxes by departments to get to the intended recipient in a timely manner. Coordinate Director’s calendar Using MS Outlook Calendar to keep appointments, meetings and manage the director’s daily schedule. Previous Knowledge of administrative and pre-employment assessments is a plus. Required Knowledge, skills and abilities: Knowledge of a multi-line phone system with at least 2-3 years of receptionist and/or administrative experience. Previous knowledge of administration and pre-employment assessments. Two years of proven customer service experience (i. e. friendly attitude, listening, proactive and willingness to help). Three years or more experience using MS office software applications (MS word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access) as well as MS Outlook Knowledge of using organizational alphabetical filing system and filing procedure Ability to work independently; Self-starter who takes initiative Ability to multi-task and quickly change direction based on changing needs and priorities. Ability to exercise discretion while handling confidential information. Experience Job related experience is required Education Associates or Bachelor’s Degree in business or Human Resources Certifications Licenses None Required Environmental Factors and Conditions/Physical Requirements The HR Receptionist position requires the following physical demands: prolonged sitting or standing, some lifting, carrying, pushing, and/or pulling; some stooping, kneeling, and reaching and significant fine finger dexterity. Equipment and tools utilized Computer, Multi-line phone system, Copier, and Fax Machine Pre -employment background check and drug screening required Literature Review Organizations are growing in size each and every day, which in turn creates a high demand for employees. This outcome, however, needs a systematic approach to determine the right employee for the right position. The process has become so large that organizations need specialized help from Human Resource Management (HRM) departments to ensure that the requirements of the position are met. Therefore, the HRM department provides the function of job analysis in order to select the right individual for the position. Job analysis is a complex and vital part of every HRM program, as well as an important systematic process used within an organization to determine future members of the workforce. † Job analysis contributes too many important Human Resource Management functions as it identifies and analyzes the relation between the job and what is required. According to the â€Å"Job Analysis: Overview,† Job analysis is a process used to identify and determine in detail the particular job duties, requirements, and the relative importance of these duties for a given position or a particular job. A job analysis defines the work, activities, tasks, objectives, products, services, or processes required to perform a particular job. It collects details about work activities, human behaviors, machine, tools, equipment and work aids, performance standards, job context, and human requirements. These in turn help to identify the knowledge, skills and abilities required to perform a job. An important factor to note is that in this process, analysis is conducted on the job, not the person, which also results in a description of the job and not the person. There are many different methods/ways to conduct a job analysis. It is dependent on organizational needs and what resources are available. Questionnaires, observations and interviews are very common methods. Although individual methods are used exclusively, several can be used in combination, besides the 3 resources listed above there are also the use of surveys as well. In fact, it is recommended that utilizing more than one method is more sensible (How, 1998), (Dessler, 2005). In human resources, job analysis plays an important role of it. It provides information regarding positions in the organization. It is an important topic as well as a vital employment tool which can assist with HR activities and potential and current employees, ‘Job analysis is the systematic study of positions to identify their observable duties and responsibilities, as well as the knowledge, skills and abilities required to perform a particular task or group of tasks’ (Kovac, 2006, p. ). Job analysis can be used in determining training needs by identifying training content, the assessment tests which need to be used to measure the effectiveness of training, the equipment to be used in the training process, and the methods of training. Job Analysis can also be used in compensation to identify the skill levels, the compensable job factors, the work environment, the responsibilities, and the required level of education and salary level. In selection procedures, job analysis can be used to identify job duties that need to be included in ads of vacant position, the appropriate salary levels for a position, the minimum requirements, the interview questions, the selection tests, the evaluation forms, etc. For performance reviews, job analysis can be used to figure out goals and objectives, performance standards, the evaluation criteria, the length of probationary period. (www. ssa. gov Review and Evaluation of Job Analysis Practices) I based my job analysis on these same characteristics stated above, I used the interview, and observation for my job analysis. By visiting my previous employer human resource department and talking with the human resources manager in order to get a better in-site on how they do their job analysis, as well as doing some online research as well as getting information on human resources books. My task and KSA statements are based on the job descriptions of other human resource receptionist positions in my area. Through my research on this particular position I have found that every business or company has several different descriptions of what their human resource receptionist does based on the type of business that it is. Even though a lot of the descriptions were the same for corporations and larger business for the most part, smaller businesses that did have this position seemed to lack in the job description of their human resource receptions and had other job descriptions for them like working large equipment. This project has definitely taught me more than I ever knew about human resources and what they really do I didn’t realize how much work went into the Human Resources Department of a business. How to cite Hrm 590 Course Project Part a, Essay examples

Childhood Memories of my Grandparents Home Essay Example For Students

Childhood Memories of my Grandparents Home Essay When I think back to the days when I was a child, I think about all of my wonderful childhood memories. Often I wish to go back, back to that point in life when everything seemed simpler. Sometimes I think about it too much, knowing I cannot return. Yet there is still one place I can count on to take me back to that state of mind, my grandparent’s house and the land I love so much. Their house was old. My grandparents lived in it most of their adult lives. It was white with black trimming, but most of the paint was chipped away. On the back porch was firewood all year long. No matter if it was winter; spring, summer, or fall the wood was always there. Red, yellow, purple flowers grew alongside the house all spring and summer. When I entered the door to the foyer the s.

Legal Services Commission and Termination

Question: Discuss about the Legal Services Commission and Termination. Answer: Introduction: Whether notice served by QLD Health to Centra-system can be considered as repudiation of contract by QLD Health. What are the liability issues that may be arise in this context? Whether QLD Health can terminate the contract on the basis of time stipulation mention in the contract? In Australia, contract can be discharged by many ways. Usually contract is discharged by the performance of the parties, but there are some other ways also such as discharge of contract for breach of contract (ACL, n.d.). Here we discus he discharge of contract for breach: Contract can be terminated by non breaching party if: Contract contains such term which allowed the party to terminate the contract for breach in specific conditions. For example- provision of the contract state that if goods are not delivered on specific date then other party have right to terminate the contract. The breach conducted by other party is serious in nature. Other party repudiates the contract that means they are not performing their obligations under the contract (ACL, n.d.). Common law give right to terminate the contract in three circumstances: Party breaches the essential term of the contract- Essential terms are those terms which are considered as conditions of the contract, but they are different from warranties. The test of essential term is conducted by the common intention of the parties which is mention in the contract as essential term, and breach of term would lead to termination of the contract. The test for essential term is stated in case Tramways Advertising v Luna Park. In this case court held condition is essential if promise is important for promisee and he would enter into contract only because promisor gives strict assurance to fulfill the promise. Serious breach of intermediate term- intermediate term is not falling under the category of essential term o non essential term. A party can terminate the contract on the breach of intermediate term if: Breach conducted by party is of serious nature, and will touch the root of the contract. Substantial benefit available to the party is deprived (KL Gates, n.d.). We can understand this with the help of case law Koompahtoo Local Aboriginal Land Council v Sanpine. In this case, court held that because of breach Koompahtoo is not able to assess the financial position and failed to take informed decision. Therefore, termination is justified. Repudiation of contract- it occurs when party to the contract is either unable or unwilling to perform the obligations stated in the contract. The intention of the party is clear that he needs no longer to bind with the contract. We can understand this with the help of case law that is Shevill v Builders Licensing Board (1982). If repudiation is accepted by the innocent party then only contract is terminated, and it is necessary that innocent party must be willing to perform the contract (Chapple, n.d.). Court held in some cases that contract is repudiated by party if it: Terminate the contract, but party has no right to terminate the contract. Party terminates the contract, but it makes mistake in termination procedure or Party suspends the performance of its obligations in the contract, but it has no right to suspend the performance. Party clearly state that it will not going to perform the contract (Ellison, n.d.). Remedies for breach of contract: There are two types of remedies available in breach of contract one is damages and other is equitable remedy. In case of damages party who breach the contract will pay damages to the other party as compensation. Equitable remedy consist two types of remedy that is specific performance and injunction. In specific performance court order the breaching party to perform the contract in such way as specified by the court, and in injunction court order the party not to do something (ACL, n.d.). There is one more remedy available to the parties that are remedy to terminate the contract. In some cases provision of the contract clearly states that party can terminate the contract if other party breach the particular term of the contract or any other specific type of breach. If contract does not expressed any such provision, then general is applicable which state that in case of serious breach of non essential term parties to the contract has right to choose whether or not to terminate the contract. To determine the seriousness of breach following conditions must be fulfilled: It is necessary that breach has serious effect on the innocent party that means innocent party must be subsequently deprive from the benefit for which it entered into contract. Breach must be of vital term that means at the time of signing the contract the words and conduct of party must show that it is essential for party that other party strictly with the term. In case breach conducted by other party is serious then party can decided to end the contract or they can choose not to end the contract. If party choose not to end the contract then in such situation they still have right to claim the damages. In case party chooses to end the contract then they must immediately inform the other party (Legal Services Commission of SA, n.d.). No waiver clause in agreement: The main purpose of non waiver clause is to protect the rights and remedies of the party if such party fails to enforce its right or remedy in case of breach of contract whether intentionally or not. Usually, such clauses provide: In case if one party fails to enforce its right or remedy than that does not consider as waiver of that right or remedy. In case if one party waive breach of any term than that does not consider as waiver of breach of any other term. If in any circumstances party waives the particular obligation then this act does not prevent the party in fulfilling the other obligation in any other circumstances. Any kind of affirmation related to repudiatory breaches (Purslowe, n.d.; Bartley, 2009). We can understand this with the help of case law Tele2 International Card Company SA and others v Post Office Limited [2009] EWCA Civ 9. In this case court held, whether election which exists is a question of fact. In this case continuance performance of the contract by POL without doing any protest was considered as confirmation of contract, which means that POL forgone the right to terminate the contract. Court also held that non waiver clause in an agreement does not remove the obligation of the party to take step against breach, and this clause only helps in making the step clear and equal. It must be noted that the decision of this court is not binding on the Australian courts (Wilson Shum, 2013; Lexology, 2009). QLD Health entered into contract with Centra-systems, contract is cost of $ 18 million. In contract there is no provision which state that time is the essence of contract but at the time of signing the contract Centra-systems told QLD Health that time which is stated in contract is met by centra-systems. Contract also contain non waiver clause which specifies In no circumstances shall any delay, omission or forebearance by any party in enforcing (in whole or in part) any part of this agreement be or be deemed to be a waiver thereof or a waiver of any other provision or shall in any way prejudice any right of that party under this agreement. Centra systems have to deliver programs in 4 milestones to the QLD Health, and according to the provisions of the contract the milestones must be delivered within 3 monthly tranches. Milestone 1 and 2 was not delivered on time and they are approximately delivered after 8 weeks fro due date. These products are accepted by QLD Health without any comment or penalty. After missing delivery date of milestone 3 QLD Health send notice to Centra-Systems and state that unless the Milestone 4 deliverable is available within 10 days you will take the work out of the hands of Centra Systems and award the remainder of the contract to a new contractor. In response Centra-systems state that by the previous conduct QLD Health waived its right to rely any of the time frames stipulated in the contract and if QLD Health does not immediately withdraw the notice, then this will be considered as a repudiation of the contract. In this case, QLD health has right to terminate the contract because breach of time frame by Centra systems is not the breach of essential term, but it is the breach of intermediate term and it has serious consequence on the QLD Health. At the time of signing the contract QLD Health take assurance from centra system that they will complete the contract within time frame. Therefore they have right to terminate the contract. Centra Systems argues that QLD Health waive its right by not taking action on time and accepting the late deliveries of product, but QLD health want to rely on the non waiver clause of the agreement. As stated in case Tele2 International Card Company SA and others v Post Office Limited [2009] EWCA Civ 9, non waiver clause in an agreement does not remove the obligation of the party to take step against breach, and this clause only helps in making the step clear and equal. Therefore QLD Health has no right to terminate the contract because they continued to perform the contract even after late deliveries of the product. In this QLD Health has no right to terminate the contract. Centra Systems has right to considered the termination of contract as repudiation of contract because as we stated above if any party terminate the contract but it has no right to terminate the contract then this will considered as repudiation of contract. Therefore, Centra Systems can take action against QLD health for repudiation of contract. Conclusion: In the present case Qld Health has no right to terminate the contract on the basis of non-waiver clause in the agreement, and if QLD Health still terminates the contract then this will be considered as repudiation of contract by QLD Health. References: ACL, Discharge by Breach, Retrieved on 14th December 2016 from: https://www.australiancontractlaw.com/law/termination-breach.html. ACL, Performance and termination. Retrieved on 14th December 2016 from: https://www.australiancontractlaw.com/law/termination.html. Koompahtoo Local Aboriginal Land Council v Sanpine. Tramways Advertising v Luna Park. KL Gates, A Practical Guide to the Termination of Contracts. Retrieved on 14th December 2016 from: https://acla.acc.com/documents/item/1287. Chapple, S. Termination of Contract: A practical guide on when and how to terminate a contract and common mistakes. Retrieved on 14th December 2016 from: https://13stjames.net.au/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/Termination-of-Contract-v2.pdf. Elison, M. Common law right of termination. Retrieved on 14th December 2016 from: https://www.constructionlawmadeeasy.com/Commonlawrightoftermination. ACL, Remedies. Retrieved on 14th December 2016 from: https://www.australiancontractlaw.com/law/remedies.html. Legal Services Commission of SA. Right to terminate the contract. Retrieved on 14th December 2016 from: https://www.lawhandbook.sa.gov.au/ch10s02s11s01.php. Purslowe, R. Waiver of Contractual Rights An Analysis of Agricultural and Rural Finance Pty Limited v Gardiner. Retrieved on 14th December 2016 from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/UNDAULawRw/2009/6.pdf. Bartley, J. (2009). Beware the Non-waiver Clause. Retrieved on 14th December 2016 from: https://www.worldservicesgroup.com/publications.asp?action=articleartid=2995. Wilson, M. Shum, K. (2013). The doctrine of election and non-waiver clauses: implications for lenders. Retrieved on 14th December 2016 from: https://www.claytonutz.com/knowledge/2013/january/the-doctrine-of-election-and-non-waiver-clauses-implications-for-lenders. Lexology, (2009). Waiving goodbye to a 'no-waiver clause'. Retrieved on 14th December 2016 from: https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=4ff447c6-ffdb-44a0-bbc7-316fff89bf40. Tele2 International Card Company SA and others v Post Office Limited [2009] EWCA Civ 9.